The news results from a risky gambit by drugmaker AstraZeneca (nyse: AZN - news - people ) to test the new medicine, Cerovive, in a 1, 700-patient Phase III clinical trial before proof of human efficacy was available.
In other words, the choice to avoid the word Shariah is likely to be a central evidentiary proof at trial on the issue of scienter.
He has reminded himself that the burden of proof at any trial would be on the prosecution.
Of 34 pet dogs on the proof of concept trial, 23 had the cells transplanted into the injury site - the rest were injected with a neutral fluid.
It may point to their involvement but what's needed in a criminal trial is 99.9% proof.
The defendant in this case, Deloitte US, has the burden of proof, via an affirmative defense at trial, that it acted in good faith and did not know that the statements were false or misleading.
FORBES: A Legal Secret Weapon May Help Hold Deloitte US Firm Liable for ChinaCast Fraud
The trial started in a secure basement courtroom equipped with bullet-proof glass separating the defendants from the three judges who will hear the case, and more bullet-proof glass separating the public from the court.
Rival AstraZeneca said it had stopped its 15, 000-patient clinical trial of its Crestor because an independent safety committee said there was proof the drug prevents heart attacks, strokes and deaths.
Rival AstraZeneca (nyse: AZN - news - people ) said it had stopped its 15, 000-patient clinical trial of its Crestor because an independent safety committee said there was proof the drug prevents heart attacks, strokes and deaths.
Further proof of IBM's intellectual property violations will come out in trial, he said.
But other doctors, especially oncologists used to the rigorous standards of proof required for big drug trials, note a lack of controlled trial data showing that the procedure extends life.
While my decision to reject the articles is based on the inadequate proof of the crimes alleged, the process which brought this matter to trial was deeply flawed.
Terry was found not guilty in July but the FA found him guilty on 27 September, using the "balance of probabilities" as its standard of proof as opposed to the "beyond reasonable doubt" ruling used in a criminal trial.
But the plaintiffs can still put proof and testimony before the New York court--something that will look much like a trial.
With Lay's conviction erased, neither the SEC nor any other civil plaintiff will be able to use it as proof of wrongdoing (though it would still be able to use evidence and testimony given in the trial, says Henning).
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