Nerves from a part of the rat brain known as the basal forebrain are thought tosecrete the chemical acetylcholine into the brain's main vision center, also called the primary visual cortex, reinforcing connections that were recently active.
Rather than grow and harvest biomass, such as wood chips or algae, and then process that into fuel, Joule has engineered microorganisms tosecrete fuel and chemicals, including ethanol and diesel.