Barbero says technology is only part of the answer: troops have to be trained to get the full value of counter-IED technology, and detailed intelligence is required to attack enemy networks and finances.
The units, dubbed "Churchill's Secret Army", were set up to relay vital information about enemy movements and help mount counter-attacks as Britain braced itself for occupation.
U.S. forces are dealing with an adaptive, innovative and flexible enemy, according to the Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat Organization, or JIEDDO, which is leading the counter-IED effort for the military.