That is just one finding of an exercise to measure the performance of sub-Saharan Africa's 48 countries, judged by five sets of criteria that are totted up and averaged out to give each country an overall governance score.

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But they're not liable for the actual performance of the funds if they've exercised--and continue to exercise--due diligence.

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"Hiring decisions frequently involve the exercise of independent, subjective judgment about a prospective employee's likely future performance, " he said in a statement.

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Doctors also assess lung performance using a measure called Vo2 max - the highest volume of oxygen a person can consume during exercise.

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Stock options with an exercise price of fair market value or higher on the grant date qualified as cap-exempt performance-based compensation, while service-vested restricted stock did not.

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