But now he says he and the other members of the Iraq Study Group are ignoring past errors and looking to what can be done in Iraq from here on.
President Bush on Thursday tried to put the best face on two bruising fights with Congress, one over funding for the war in Iraq, the other on immigration reform.
Opinions on the war in Iraq, on the other hand, have changed slightly, with a slight majority (52 percent) now saying that the war is an essential part of the war on terrorism.
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The US Army Corps of Engineers said one contract would cover fields in the north of Iraq, and the other the south, with the exact final value dependent on the amount of work necessary.
And you always have to look at Kurdish politics against the context of the competition between Massoud Barzani, the leader -the president of Iraqi Kurdistan and leader of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, and Jalal Talabani, who on one hand is now the president of Iraq, but on the other hand is also the leader of his - of Barzani's chief competitor, the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan.
Matern said the other nations whose troops remain in Iraq with the coalition will be negotiating similar agreements with the government.
The other seven were detained in Iraq in 2003 and released within a year, the report says.
After Desert Storm, we did not use our military power to take or establish control over the oil resources of Iraq or any other country in the Gulf region.
The vote ended nearly two years of wrangling between America and Britain and the other three permanent members, with Iraq meddling furiously all the while.
But they are waiving that to settle down in a federal state and to share with the other ethnic and religious groups the future of Iraq.
Uzbekistan might conceivably be said to pass the third test, but is about as far as Iraq towards satisfying the other two.
The fate of Iraqi security and reconciliation will depend on Sunnis and Shiites cooperating, not only in government but also in efforts to weaken the influence of al Qaeda in Iraq and other extremist organizations, the key findings state.
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While America is still providing the overwhelming majority of the 152, 000 foreign troops in Iraq, the number of other countries sending their forces to help in peacekeeping and reconstruction has grown to more than 30.
Last week, American officials circulated a draft United Nations resolution to members of the Security Council urging other countries to commit money, troops and other support towards the rebuilding of Iraq.
It is not clear if the proclamation will have any legal implications for U.S. forces -- specifically whether they would become the declared occupying force of Iraq under the Geneva Conventions and other international laws.
The resolution authorizes Iraq to negotiate bilateral agreements with the other countries.
Ignoring rebel advances in less-strategic areas along the borders with Iraq and Turkey poses other risks for Syria and its neighbors, particularly the threat from militants.
Since his capture occurred when the U.S. and other coalition members were the occupying power in Iraq, there is ample basis in existing international law for the American exercise of legal jurisdiction over him.
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On the world stage, one interesting test if Bush wins a second term would be his ability to manage strains in longtime alliances because of the war in Iraq and other first-term Bush administration decisions.
Mark Malloch Brown, the administrator of the United Nations Development Programme, argues that Iraq may prove the opposite of other such reconstruction efforts.
The signatories of the letter have expressed their concern over the damage and loss inflicted on the National Museum of Iraq in Baghdad and other museums, libraries and archives, the looting of archaeological sites, and the damage to historic monuments that took place during the war and subsequent occupation.
The United States and Iran, which have no diplomatic relations and blame each other for problems in Iraq, have had at least two other tense incidents in the Gulf since January.
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The UN has around 150 international observers in Iraq, who travel across the country visiting food warehouses and other installations to check on the implementation of the UN's humanitarian programme, under which Iraq is allowed to sell oil in exchange for food, medicine and other vital supplies.
The capacity is critical to help deal with overcrowding at Iraq's other facilities and the potential security threat.
But the fact remains that by Bush's own standard of "intensive effort" set in 2002, the White House has not met that test, in large part because the president's foreign policy has largely focused on other matters, such as the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan.
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Today, the prospect is not altogether bright that the United States, its goodwill and resources depleted by Iraq and other cares, will play the same role.
While the participants engaged in much discussion there of Iraq, trade and other issues, the most significant result of the meeting may have been an agreement to ensure that Europes Galileo navigation system does not interfere with the frequencies used by Americas Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) system .
If there is any talk about intervention in Iraq and all the discussion, all the talks about people or other nations exerting control over Iraq, this is not true.
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