You cannot understand the Cuban Revolution, with its elements from the Age of Enlightenment and modern thought, only from the perspective of Marxist thought, or from the European revolutionary thought.

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The problem is that with the success of the Enlightenment, science, and our modern culture, we seem to have discarded the idea of mythos as part of our mainstream culture.

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The origin of modern automata, though, came during the Enlightenment, inaugurated by French mechanician Jacques de Vaucanson in the 1730s.

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Modern thinking is the enlightenment thinking that ended the Dark Ages and ushered in Newtonian science.

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And so, Bell argues using a reverse spin familiar to all readers of Foucault and company from the germ of Enlightenment idealism springs modern horror.

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The modern practice of total war, Bell argues, was driven by the Enlightenment dream of total peace.

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That world began when Johannes Gutenberg introduced the printing press in 1455, and gave birth along the way to the Reformation, the Age of Reason, the Enlightenment, the Scientific Method, and finally the Industrial Revolution not to mention the modern era of newspapers, universal education and, yes, mass literacy.

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