But if he had followed the whims of his generation, Langer might not have entered the field of medicine at all.
Watson has been gaining knowledge in the field of medicine, and Cleveland Clinic with IBM recognized the opportunity for Watson to interact with medical students to help explore a wide variety of learning challenges facing the medical industry today.
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Within the broad field of medicine you either have the credentials to treat patients or not.
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An essential element to moving forward in the field of personalized medicine is cloud computing technology.
"My current research interests lie in the field of regenerative medicine, which, simply put, means growing tissues in the laboratory with the aim of safely implanting them when the body cannot heal itself, " he explained.
"It's an interesting and rigorous study in the field of complementary medicine, and an important step forward in improving quality of care for the 70 percent of patients who undergo chemotherapy and experience nausea and vomiting, " says Dr. Douglas Blayney, president-elect at the American Society of Clinical Oncology.
Other people living in Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire and Hertfordshire to be given awards include Professor Janet Thornton, head of the European Bioinformatics Institute, who was made a Dame for services to bioinformatics, the application of computer science to the field of biology and medicine.
To be sure, around the turn of the millennium, significant fanfare surrounded personalized medicine, especially in the field of genetics.
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"It is the least technologically advanced field of medicine in many ways, " he says.
But Macchiarini said making these first artificial organs viable in patients opens doors for future transplants through the relatively new field of regenerative medicine.
Dr. Jardine, a renowned Chiropractor, health and fitness expert, and innovator in the field of physical and rehabilitative medicine, is the man behind the creative designs seen on Olympic athletes, including the bizarre (but effective) use by the athletes pictured in this article.
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"Bob is one of the movers and shakers in this whole field of regenerative medicine, " says Michael Lysaght, director of Brown University's Center for Biomedical Engineering.
"For the first time, we've shown that personalised medicine can work in the field of childhood asthma, " professor Mukhopadhyay says.
One of the pioneers of this field was the late Robert Ledley whose book on the Use of Computers in Biology and Medicine was published in 1965.
To get the most up to date and comprehensive information, I spoke with an expert in the field, Dr. Joseph Murray, professor of medicine and consultant in gastroenterology and immunology at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester Minnesota.
The lack of interest in general internal medicine is understandable, say those in the field who have researched the topic.
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The future of medicine is a vast, opening playing field.
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Though we are in the earliest days of developing the emerging field of synthetic biology, in the coming years, it promises to have massive impact on everything from business to medicine and energy to warfare.
David Field, professor of neo-natal medicine at the University of Leicester, agreed better advice was needed.
Along the way to becoming a neurosurgeon he faced other obstacles, including the belief that perhaps a young man born in Mexico could not possess the intelligence or ability to serve patients in such a demanding field of medicine.
Brain plasticity, the field that Merzenich helped pioneer, is now one of the hottest areas in medicine, one with hugely positive implications for an aging society.
The technique used by Green and Hollister is part of a burgeoning field called regenerative medicine, which involves engineering therapies -- using things like stem cells, or "body parts" constructed out of biological material -- to harness the body's ability to heal itself.
"I think modern medicine, the modern technology of getting these guys back on the field I think is so much better than it has been in the past, " Reese said.
Unfortunately, this is a great example of the realities between personal medicine in the media and how it works in the field.
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Lawyers do not know all the sub-divisions of medicine and are not aware of when an expert is moving outside of his field.
"Those of us in the field really see this as a breakthrough moment, " said Suzanne Topalian, a researcher at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and lead author of one of the studies.
To market its medicine in a crowded field, Lilly is emphasizing that Cymbalta helps not only with the mental symptoms of depression but also with physical aches and pains that often accompany the disease.
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