The language barrier does not affect the majority, but for those who enter school as English learners the challenges are even greater.
The vast majority of English learners, more than two-thirds at the elementary school level, were born in the United States.
On a scale of one to 10, the education of the nation's English learners is "below five, " said Gary Cook, a specialist with the Wisconsin Center for Education Research.
Of all the challenges facing minority students and their schools, English learners are arguably the most disadvantaged.
About half of the students are English language learners in various stages of language acquisition.
States such as California, Texas, New Mexico and Nevada have some of the largest proportions of English learners in their school-age populations.
Additionally, this is issue is even more dire among populations with higher barriers to employment opportunities, such as the formerly incarcerated, English language learners and aged-out foster youth.
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Asian students represent the second largest group of English learners.
The learners also have the option to learn English at this level.
Academics also are hopeful that there soon will be greater national consistency in how English learners are identified and how proficiency is defined through the Common Core standards and assessments, a set of uniform benchmarks adopted by 45 states and the District of Columbia.
It means boosting the number -- the numbers of quality teachers who can help our special education and English language learners meet high standards -- and you've done that here at Wright, so congratulations on that. (Applause.) It means improving instruction in science, technology, reading, math, and ensuring that more women and people of color are doing well in those subjects. (Applause.) So that's the second -- the second factor.
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Overall, 38 percent of Hispanic fourth-grade students were identified as English learners, as well as 20 percent of Hispanic eighth-grade students, according to the 2011 National Assessment of Education Progress math test.
So where universities are building cultures around completion where first-generation college-goers and English-language learners and Pell grant recipients are graduating, we want to use Race to the Top resources to incentivize that behavior.
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