The GAO, in the report released Thursday, said six of the seven governments also described difficulties with the complexity of the information technology systems they need to put in place to assist consumers in making their insurance choices.
For this client, the inflexibility of labor laws and the power of labor unions is a far bigger constraint to her IT agility than is the complexity of IT systems or internal processes.
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This approach combined with the complexity of biological systems restricts current, one-off efforts to modifying only a small set of genes and constructing simple, isolated genetic circuits and metabolic pathways.
"The complexity of IT systems is growing at a tremendous rate, to a point where it's becoming very difficult for administrators to manage their systems, " says Jeff Kephart , autonomic computing manager at IBM Research.
The spread of computers through companies has added a third layer of complexity: the task of managing the information systems themselves.
Challenges to be overcome include security issues, the complexity of managing multiple distributed systems, and the mistrust that may exist between companies sharing each other's computing resources, Barrett said.
But it also makes it difficult to provide a specific address for an Internet caller, and vendors worry about the cost and complexity of adjusting their systems to do so.
We have all seen complexity damage various kinds of enterprises in recent times: the Costa Concordia proved that the systems for evacuating over 4000 cruise ship passengers failed due to the complexity of the task.
But in the business world, the shift to the cloud has been complicated greatly by the incumbency of traditional on-premises systems and infrastructure and applications, plus all the myriad layers of complexity and cost that were required to string together disparate software and servers and networks and middleware and so on.
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But the software sector was forced to develop solutions to handling complexity, because of the massive failures of traditional management approaches to dealing with large complex software systems.
Accounting systems (and the accountants who use them) are also blind to the effects of complexity until it begins impacting the bottom line.
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