Its fiery colour and erratic movement across the night sky terrified theancient Greeks and Romans, causing them to name the planet after their gods ofwar.
Dating back to the 6th Century BC, the red-figure krater (a large vessel theancient Greeks used to mix water and wine) shows in exquisite detail the death of Lycian king Sarpedon in the Trojan War.
Theancient battle, Gandalf believes, is not over, but temporarily dormant, like the illusion of peace between World War I (in which Tolkien served) and World War II (during which the Lord ofthe Rings was written).