Mr. Terzi announced his resignation at the end of an address to Parliament on Tuesday.
Mr. Terzi said India was a "great power, " but he warned against nationalist tendencies there.
Italian Foreign Minister Giulio Terzi last week said Italy has "a very solid position" on the marines' case.
"My reservations about sending the marines back to India were not listened to, " Mr Terzi told Italian MPs.
Mr. Terzi said he opposed his government's decision to send the marines back to New Delhi to stand trial.
Outgoing Italian Foreign Minister Giulio Terzi last week said Italy has "a very solid position" on the marines' case.
He said he had met Mr Terzi earlier on Tuesday and the foreign minister had not mentioned his intention to quit.
Mr. Terzi said he personally opposed his own government's decision to send the marines back to New Delhi to stand trial.
On Tuesday, Mr Terzi said he was resigning because his voice had gone "unheard" by Prime Minister Monti and his caretaker administration.
In Italy, the government's handling of the marines' case has been sharply criticized, pushing Foreign Minister Giulio Terzi to resign last week.
"I can no longer be part of this government, " Mr Terzi said.
Italian Foreign Minister Giulio Terzi said the Iranian ambassador to Rome was being summoned to give guarantees of security for Italy's mission in Tehran.
At a recent economic forum, the Italian Foreign Minister Giulio Terzi said security in Libya was essential to future Italian investment in the country.
Italy said it is "ready for a logistical support operation" in Mali, Foreign Minister Giulio Terzi told a senate hearing on international missions Wednesday.
The office of Foreign Minister Giulio Terzi said Italy's ambassador in New Delhi has been instructed to deliver a written note to the Indian government.
"They're very local groups but they emphasise wider environmental issues, " says Anna Terzi, a project officer for Sustain, the alliance for better food and farming.
Italy also said it is "ready for a logistical support operation" in Mali, Foreign Minister Giulio Terzi told a senate hearing on international missions Wednesday.
Italian Foreign Minister Giulio Terzi has resigned in protest of his government's decision to send two Italian marines, accused of killing two Indian fishermen, to Delhi for trial.
Italian Foreign Minister Giulio Terzi, in Jerusalem on an official visit, on Thursday said Italy had a "very solid position" shared by many other major countries, his spokesman said.
Outgoing Foreign Minister Giulio Terzi, in an interview published Friday in Italian newspaper La Repubblica, said worries over the safety of the ambassador in India was among the reasons that pushed his government to return the marines.
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