Since GISS is all about the surface temperature, that suggests (to rational thinkers at least) that some portion of the surface temperature rise post 1975 is due to pollution controls being enacted.
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Touch sensors in the fingers and the palm will also pick up vibrations, temperature and surface textures, McLoughlin says, although tests on these won't start until next year.
The average global cloud height is linked to the average global temperature generally, the higher the average cloud height, the higher the average surface temperature, and vice versa.
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But by the Berkeley team's analysis, the global temperature correlates more closely with the state of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) index - a measure of sea surface temperature in the north Atlantic.
Facts: Global surface temperature rose about three-fourths of a degree Celsius in the 20th century.
Finally, three major available global surface temperature record sources report a steady-to-cooling trend since 2001.
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Presumably a comparatively modest drop in the world's surface temperature would cancel out presumed global warming.
Recent rises in surface temperature have been pinned on rising levels of greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide.
As near as anyone can figure, the Earth's surface temperature increased 1 degree Fahrenheit in the 20th century.
The response of surface temperature to an increment of carbon dioxide is logarithmic.
This light is proportional to the surface temperature, so by measuring its brightness a microprocessor can compute the temperature.
The 60-year cycle is particularly easy to observe in significant surface temperature maxima that occurred in 1880-1881, 1940-1941, and 2000-2001.
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The earth-shattering news is that the average land surface temperature of the planet is higher than it was 200 years ago.
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If it has an atmosphere like Earth's, with a corresponding greenhouse effect, its average surface temperature would be a balmy 22C.
The current atmosphere that blankets the planet helps to keep the globally averaged surface temperature up to about 15 degrees Celsius.
Marshalled by an astrophysicist, Richard Muller, this group, which calls itself the Berkeley Earth Surface Temperature, is notable in several ways.
In 1981, he published the first Goddard Institute Surface Temperature Analysis.
Such differences result from various assumptions regarding unknowns such as changing urbanization and other land use influences that contaminate surface temperature recordings.
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The Lut Desert had the highest recorded surface temperature in five of the seven years, topping out at 159 degrees in 2005.
These cycles have been clearly detected in all global surface temperature records of both hemispheres since 1850, and are also evident in numerous astronomical records.
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This would make them whiter so they reflect more sunlight back into space, reducing the sea surface temperature - which is the primary driver of hurricanes.
The temperature near your skin is greater than the temperature on the surface of your clothes, mainly due to a layer of trapped air near your body.
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Using the new method you could have your cake and eat it, by designing a strong core to a structure that has a weaker, temperature-resistant surface, he says.
Arrhenius predicted that if the carbon dioxide concentration increased, the mean temperature of the surface of the earth would increase, in pretty much the way he said it would.
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"As of a week ago, the ocean surface temperature was a few degrees higher than usual, " Liu said, referring to data collected by a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Agency satellite.
But careful measurements over four years showed that the planet whips around Alpha Centauri B in just 3.6 days, and is estimated to have a surface temperature of about 1, 200C.
It's unlikely any aliens call Kepler-37b home: it's thought to be rocky, with no atmosphere, and hugs its sun in a 13-day orbit cycle, meaning surface temperature is terribly high.
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They then used that proxy data, which they dubbed the Paleo Index (PI) and compared it to the merged land-ocean surface temperature (MLOST) records developed by the National Climactic Data Center.
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This is the global surface temperature departure from the 1961-1990 average, also from the CRU at East Anglia. (Despite all the climategate hubbub, this is still the reference standard in the business).
Since then, the concentration of carbon dioxide has in fact increased and the mean temperature of the surface of the earth has increased in pretty much the way Dr. Arrhenius said it would.
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