The Council of Great City Schools, a research and policy group that represents large districts, commissioned a study that found districts making the most progress had stable leadership, high academic goals for students, quality professional development for teachers and data analysis that helped alter teaching.

WSJ: City Schools Gain in Reading, Math

He said that Deming was more focused on the statistical analysis of quality whereas he, Juran, was more concerned about the human input, teaching people how to introduce what he called CWQM (company-wide quality management).

ECONOMIST: Guru