But it was Henry Ford's tax-avoidance strategy two decades earlier that first established the dual-class structure.
As Lawson observed, in late 1970s England, the high rates of taxation created a flourishing tax-avoidance industry.
Although this may look odd to the man in the street, this is a widely used tax-avoidance mechanism.
The tax-avoidance method involves structuring the arrangement as a two-week lease to the charity and treating the improvements as the payment.
The K2 tax-avoidance scheme Carr is said to have used enabled members to pay income tax rates as low as 1%.
Was the process difficult because Penny and her tax attorneys had to cook up new tax-avoidance schemes to replace the old ones?
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Look for more such cases as baby boomers find flaws in the elaborate tax-avoidance structures their parents set up before they died.
Its loopholes encourage people to waste time and money on tax-avoidance schemes.
For decades, the Internal Revenue Service has asked courts to look past the fancy lawyering and examine the substance of a tax-avoidance scheme.
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The mind-boggling complexity of the current tax code helps large corporations with lawyers and accountants devise the best tax-avoidance strategies money can buy.
The unseen part is what the economy loses when capital flows are distorted through tax favors, not to mention the great minds we lose to the tax-avoidance industry.
Regardless of whether Ms Jowell has done anything wrong, she has been damaged by the picture that has emerged of the world her husband inhabited, one in which raising multiple mortgages to invest in hedge funds or earning large fees to set up exotic tax-avoidance schemes was perfectly normal.
The fuss over the offshore, tax-avoiding trust held by a Treasury minister, Geoffrey Robinson (see article) does not reflect any apparent wrong-doing by Mr Robinson but rather the fact that his boss, Gordon Brown, the chancellor of the exchequer, has felt the need to attack exactly the sort of tax-avoidance schemes which his colleague has been exploiting.
Opposition spokesman Lord Eatwell said tax avoidance by businesses "undermines any perception of fairness in the tax system and imposes a dead-weight loss on the economy, by spawning a socially-useless tax avoidance industry".
In addition, wealthier individuals lose the ability to do estate-tax avoidance planning.
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Amazon is destroying state budgets with their sales-tax avoidance schemes too.
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The Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW) said there was already international co-operation to tackle tax avoidance through the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
Recently I have been relatively neutral on stocks because the markets in January have been flooded with cash from investors reinvesting proceeds from year-end tax avoidance selling and bonus income they took last year instead of 2013.
By shifting income from high-tax to low-tax countries through transfer pricing, using hybrid entities that are treated as corporations in some countries and flow-through entities in others, stripping profits from high-tax countries through intracompany financing, repatriating under favorable tax conditions, and other tax avoidance mechanisms, multinationals mitigate the impact of being headquartered in a high-tax state.
After the four-hour summit, Mr Cameron will travel to Paris to meet French President Francois Hollande at the Elysee Palace where co-operation on tax evasion and avoidance as well as tackling corporate secrecy will again be on the agenda.
BBC: David Cameron seeking action on tax avoidance at EU summit
In any case, most of the 2, 000-odd registered insurers were engaged in tax avoidance and capital flight, rather than the dull business of claims and premiums.
Critics claim such places, which operate low-tax regimes, are used by companies for tax avoidance or evasion.
BBC: David Cameron seeking action on tax avoidance at EU summit
The president knows this and that is why he is also proposing to beef-up enforcement and policies to further block tax avoidance schemes.
It is not sophisticated tax avoidance, or financial engineering of the sort - arguably - that too many banks and bankers have indulged in.
Members should also adopt a common General Anti-Abuse Rule, whereby they can ignore artificial tax avoidance schemes and tax the underlying sum of money, the Commission said.
The European Commission has announced a series of proposals designed to tackle the "scandalous loss of much-needed revenue" EU members suffer through tax evasion and tax avoidance.
This tax blueprint, first reported in the Financial Times, includes tough anti-avoidance measures that would catch some trades executed in New York, London, or Hong Kong -- even when no eurozone entity is buying or selling the product.
Executives from some of the world's most-recognised firms have been grilled by MPs on the issue of tax avoidance.
BBC: Starbucks, Google and Amazon grilled over tax avoidance
That is an example of high-end tax evasion but travel around the islands and other signs of tax avoidance are on display everyday.
She added that money from a clamp-down on stamp-duty avoidance could be used to cancel the "damaging cut" to working tax credits.
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