As it happens, U.S. chemical companies are an especially lucrative target for commercial intelligence collection since they are world leaders in their industry.
For instance, the U.S. intelligence community can target phone calls of an Iraqi citizen overseas, but that person's call to someone in Pakistan might be routed through a telecommunications switch in the United States.
Kim Dae Jung, a liberal former democracy activist, was once a constant target of the Korean Central Intelligence Agency, the national security apparatus that conservative Kim Jong Pil formed during military strongman Park Chung Hee's rule.
Indeed, the Washington Post reports today that the U.S. provided Turkey with intelligence so they could target bases of the PKK, the rebel Kurdish group that stages attacks on Kurdish forces from bases in northern Iraq.
It eventually grew into closely networked teams that worked with the CIA and FBI and others to take down up to a dozen targets a night in Afghanistan, with intelligence gathered from the first target leading to the others.
Official sources told the BBC that the intelligence chief was not the intended target of the attackers.
Bad intelligence sometimes led to hitting the wrong target or securing the wrong person.
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Bernard Squarcini, head of French intelligence, says France is al-Qaeda's second biggest target after America.
The moustachioed Mr Peretz, who campaigned on a social-economic platform, was a natural target for cartoonists joking about his coming moment of initiation into the state's intelligence and nuclear secrets.
With that intelligence, marketers can run personalized email campaigns to reactivate their customer base, target audience based on interest segments on Facebook or run creative photo upload campaigns on Instagram.
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Mr Fujimori's opponents are the target of media smear campaigns, widely believed to be orchestrated by Vladimiro Montesinos, the president's shadowy intelligence chief.
Other modules were designed to target files encrypted using a system known as Cryptofiler - an encryption standard that used to be in widespread use by intelligence agencies but is now less common.
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