And on key international issues such as UN sanctions on Iran, a "strategic partnership" with Europe, Georgia's future as an independent conduit for central Asian oil and gas, and a final settlement in Kosovo and the Balkans, European diplomats say Russia's positive cooperation is essential.
During a briefing at the Democratic National Convention, Tyson provided few details about the proposal, such as whether sanctions could be imposed on nations found to be in violation of the body's environmental rules.
The EU and NATO are both deeply divided on Russia, with countries such as Italy loudly opposing sanctions of any kind, and others such as Germany highly mindful of Russia's role as an energy supplier.
Malaysia ruled out even such mild sanctions as suspending Myanmar's membership of ASEAN.
However, it is not clear who might qualify for such sanctions as it appears that Ms Moran's claims, and those of nearly all MPs, were within the letter of the rules which existed at the time.
In addition, courts have imposed 564 other sanctions such as fixed penalties and anti-social behaviour orders (Asbos).
BBC: Wales NHS attacks: Prosecutions up as campaign launches
The US, South Korea and Japan - who believe North Korea is working to develop long-range missiles capable of carrying nuclear warheads - want action such as the strengthening of sanctions.
Schools that fall below the mark face sanctions, such as firing the entire staff or closing.
It would have the power to impose sanctions, such as fines, censures and a ban on auditing public firms.
By implication, any unilateral American action against Saddam would shatter not only the Gulf war coalition but also such support as remains for international sanctions.
Under the rules, schools without 100% of their students proficient in math and reading by 2014 would be labeled failures and face sanctions, such as being required to redirect federal money toward tutoring.
The international community is also expressing growing concern and is threatening sanctions against Iran, such as referring Iran's nuclear program to the United Nation's Security Council.
Kremlin sanctions have strangled Georgian exports such as wine, fruit and mineral water.
ECONOMIST: A billionaire has unexpectedly won Georgia��s elections
Aside from the moral implications, there are potential financial consequences of proliferation activity -- such as the possible imposition of trade and financial sanctions -- which could negatively impact investors.
The European Union, which has so far stuck closely to UN-designated sanctions (though individual members such as Britain have gone further, especially with financial measures), is reported to be considering harsh new proposals.
Tariffs and other trade sanctions have slashed imports from countries such as Russia.
Western economic sanctions on Yugoslavia block Montenegrin access to such lenders as the World Bank.
But the association's voluntary aspect, along with the fact that it cannot impose sanctions for non-compliance like other international blocs such as the UN and EU, have led to criticisms that it lacks bite.
BBC: Commonwealth of Nations: 'The club of the 21st Century'
"That means sanctions in the area of energy and other sensitive areas, such as the financial area, " she added.
There is talk of near-automatic sanctions on countries that break the euro's rules, such as cancelling offenders' voting rights, withholding EU funds or even suspending euro membership.
As sanctions expand, it has become increasingly difficult for Iran to arrange and pay for such purchases, Middle East businessmen and bankers say.
Immediately after those talks, Iraq remained insistent that discussions would progress only if issues such as U.S. threats against Iraq, the no-fly zones, and U.N. sanctions against Iraq were on the table.
应用推荐