Across the board, they found that people in the high-power group strongly condemned such things as cheating, under-reporting taxes and keeping stolen property, while finding ways to rationalize committing the same actions themselves.
Students entering exams in Britain this summer will face continued vigilance, Dr McLone said, with invigilators looking out for any new means of cheating such as using small mobile phones.
Cheating is rare on expensive tests such as the SATs, ACTs, APs and NAEP because test-givers and their contractors spend what it takes to have their sessions proctored, their test booklets kept secure before and after their administration, and the scoring done by individuals or machines in distant locations that are unaffected by the results of that scoring.
As we learned from the Atlanta cheating scandal, such administrative discretion is a recipe for fraud, especially when paychecks and career advancement are riding on the test results.
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Cheating at Stuyvesant also included modern tech gambits, such as sending answers via text, posting answers to Facebook, Googling facts on a smart phone, and snapping a photo of test questions for real-time replies.
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Randy Trask, president of GED Testing Service, said the new test would be worth the price, with additional features such as a detailed analysis of students' answers and security measures to prevent cheating.
People are more likely to lie or cheat if others are lying or cheating, or if a member of another social group (such as a student wearing a sweatshirt from a rival university) visibly flouts the rules.
Labels mark sections on such topics as mentalism, ventriloquism, juggling, hypnosis, escapology, sleight-of-hand and cheating at gambling.
And no cheating: you cannot simply recharacterize amounts that are ordinarily stated separately on the settlement statement, such as administrative fees and application fees, as points and take the deduction.
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