For GM to recover, it must break free from the legacy of strong-arm unions, crippling cost structures and onerous commitments to its ex-workers.

ECONOMIST: Union-bash or bust? | The

For much of the last century they were coddled by protectionism, or over-regulation, or both, during which time they acquired powerful unions and high cost structures, and took on enormous long-term commitments to cover their workers' retirements.

ECONOMIST: Union-bash or bust? | The

But before they can be granted such autonomy, their governing structures will need to become more effective and less beholden to unions.

ECONOMIST: In higher education, a free-for-all does not work