For that would suggest that when faced with incendiary charges by a critical regulator, and the potential loss of its licence, Standard Chartered felt it had no choice but to pay up.

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Once a patent is registered as being standard-essential, the licence holder must allow any third-party to use the innovation and agree to a fee that is not excessive.

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And part of having your patent incorporated into a standard is that you must licence them on a FRAND (fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory) terms to anyone who asks.

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The licence agreement includes delivering a minimum standard of service.

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It's decision to approve the drug for use with some NHS patients follows the granting of a UK licence for its use, along with standard chemotherapy, to treat the aggressive form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

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The firms dispute how much should be paid for a licence to use innovations necessary to be able to offer industry standard technologies.

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