These injuries involve blunt trauma, bruising and compression of the spinal cord and are the most common form of human spinal cord injury.

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But Lady Campbell has a severe form of spinal muscular atrophy, a condition that means she uses a wheel chair and is reliant on a ventilator to breathe for much of the day.

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Baby Noor was born with spina bifida, a birth defect in which the vertebrae do not form completely around the spinal cord.

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Ephrins are believed to control the growth of nerve cells necessary to help form proper circuits within the spinal cord.

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The bone around the spine doesn't form properly, causing part of the spinal cord to stick out of the baby's back.

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