As YouTube has grown, Kamangar and his team have struggled to keep its algorithm up to speed.

NEWYORKER: Streaming Dreams

Hendrik Lenstra, of the University of California, Berkeley, discussed with the assembled company one way to simplify and speed up Dr Agrawal's algorithm.

ECONOMIST: Number theory

In regards to rankings, in 2010 Google began using site speed as a ranking factor in their search algorithm.

FORBES: Ecommerce Marketing Checklist for 2013