The result is that it is difficult to maintain a copyright over data, because only a specific arrangement or selection of the data will be protected.

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Under existing state laws, however, it is not clear whether he would have had to obtain specific permission for the latter arrangement.

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The collection is owned by the Barnes Foundation, established in 1922 under a legal arrangement called an indenture of trust, with the specific stipulation that everything was always to remain exactly as it was in Dr. Barnes's lifetime.

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Sir Denis made the arrangement for his bequest via the Art Fund charity, with specific instructions on where the works should be displayed.

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But the spot market, where vessels are chartered for specific trips or time periods, is very unpredictable, particularly since regulators put a stop two years ago to an arrangement between shipping lines (the top 15 of which control 80% of the market) to manage overcapacity by co-operating on routes and rates.

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