Three isolated concrete arches, the remnants of a piece of Soviet planning, stand eerily against a rock face.

ECONOMIST: On the Chechen road, to Georgia

They used to be a more Soviet-style central planning economy.

FORBES: Oppenheimer Chief Economist "Cautiously Optimistic" on India

The power issues spell more trouble for Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, who heads the Congress Party-led coalition government and was the architect of the 1991 reforms that ended years of Soviet-style economic planning.

WSJ: India Blackouts Show Failure to Lure Investors

Beginning in the late 1980s, U.S. defense planners began to rethink the character of a possible conflict with the Soviet Union, the central feature of U.S. force planning for more than four decades.

CENTERFORSECURITYPOLICY: Center for Security Policy | The Measure of a Superpower: A Two Major Regional Contingency Military for the 21st Century | Page: 2

The apogee of central planning occurred in 1957, when the greatest central planner of them all, the Soviet Union, suddenly burst ahead in the space (and technology) race with Sputnik I.

FORBES: Digital Rules