There is, to some degree, a physiological cause for this apparent divergence: the two halves, or hemispheres, of the brain.

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The solution, which is based on physiological monitoring devices installed in some fighter pilot helmets, would instead serve consumers -- cyclists, specifically.

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In some cases, hope can also have important effects on fundamental physiological processes like respiration, circulation and motor function.

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But recent research also suggests that women still face inherent physiological challenges that make it more difficult for them to compete with men in some sports.

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