They used skin prick tests to identify those with allergic reactions, and questionnaires to identify those who developed asthma or eczema.

BBC: A child is tested for allergic reactions.

They're more comprehensive than simple skin prick tests.

NPR: Studies Predict Odds of Outgrowing Nut Allergies

At age four, they were also given a skin-prick test to see if they had any of the most common allergies, including dust mite, animal fur, pollen, milk, eggs or peanuts.

BBC: Doctors could predict which children are at risk of asthma

After removing the obvious fat, prick the goose all over the skin, taking care not to pierce the meat.

NPR: How to Cook Your Goose