Going way back, Intel was founded by refugees from Fairchild Semiconductor, who earlier left Shockley Semiconductor.

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He performed weapons research at Johns Hopkins University before returning to California in 1956 to join Shockley Semiconductor.

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Then a business plan crossed his desk from eight young engineers in California disenchanted with the tumultuous atmosphere at Shockley Semiconductor.

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With backing from a man named Arnold Beckman, he founded Shockley Semiconductor in Palo Alto and he was going to build - at least at first he was going to build silicon transistors.

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