In the past decade, Congress has come close to passing a federal shield law.
Winter's lawyer argues that New York's "shield law" allows her to keep her sources confidential.
Hanswirth said the appeal she filed on Winters' behalf cites the New York shield law.
She then invoked the California Shield Law, which protects reporters from being forced to disclose confidential sources.
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As a presidential candidate in 2008, he supported journalist protections in the form of a federal shield law.
Shirkey says the tension between a shield law and what the network makes possible has been there for decades.
New York has a shield law that gives reporters in that state broad protections from having to identify confidential sources.
He also said he supported a so-called media shield law to help balance the protection of press freedom against national security needs.
Maybe working together -- Republicans and Democrats, conservatives and liberals -- the Media Shield Law, a solution to the problem, can be passed.
Renewing the effort to pass a shield law is a way for Mr. Obama to answer critics without appearing to meddle in a Justice Department probe.
Ohio, like most states, has a rape shield law that limits the amount of information of an alleged victim's past that can be explored in court.
Shirkey says the reason he always thought there would never be a shield law for journalists is that the definition is not so clear thanks to the Internet.
The judge ruled that this argument fitted the exception to Colorado's rape-shield law, which admits evidence of outside sexual conduct only if it could directly exonerate the defendant.
In this columnist's view, the shield law is a bad idea for another reason: By granting a special legal privilege to journalists, it would make them beholden to the federal government.
The Colorado State Shield Law has a loophole that the court can conclude that the need to know the identity of the source is greater than the need to protect the source.
As members heard testimony yesterday regarding the shield law, a reporter sits in a federal jail for refusing to reveal her sources about who leaked the identity of an undercover CIA agent.
Whether a federal shield law would keep the Justice Department from carrying out such actions "would totally depend on what the federal shield law looks like, " Miller said, noting that several versions have been proposed.
So the whole goal of this media shield law -- that was worked on and largely endorsed by folks like The Washington Post Editorial Page and by prosecutors -- was finding a way to strike that balance appropriately.
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Journalism advocacy groups said they welcomed the renewed interest in protecting journalists, though the effectiveness of a shield law would depend on how it is written and how easily the Justice Department could override the protections, citing national-security concerns.
Under a federal shield law introduced in 2011, the federal government would have had to prove to a judge that the information it was seeking outweighed the journalist's need to keep confidential information, according to the Society of Professional Journalists.
But the appeals court roundly rejected both notions as contrary to California's reporter's shield law and the state Constitution, effectively stating that it wasn't Apple's place to decide what constitutes "legitimate journalism, " and that Apple could have investigated the leak of trade secrets themselves without drawing the websites into the mix.
Shell companies that threaten legal action over patent infringement without actually producing anything themselves could be driven out of business if the newly proposed and risibly backronymed Saving High-tech Innovators from Egregious Legal Disputes (SHIELD) Act becomes law.
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On Thursday, Mr Makhlafi confirmed that the law would now shield Mr Saleh's associates only in "political cases", without specifying further.
Recently, however, the specter of costly state tort litigation against vaccine manufacturers threatened to undermine this important federal law intended to shield manufacturers from such suits.
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The latter will show nothing but US acquisitions, and Five has an impressive roster of fine American dramas, including CSI, House, Law and Order and The Shield.
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Mr. Chiklis, who won an Emmy and a Golden Globe in 2002 for his work on "The Shield, " is officially on the wrong side of the law in "Vegas, " which debuts Tuesday night.
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