The founder noted that most of the money will be used to look for national opportunities as well as creating uniform materials on starting companies that can be shared with other programs.

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And there is the personal aspect of building and maintaining networks among academics and scientists that is so important and usually based on shared experience in academic programs.

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Pioneers needed to tweak their programs and shared improvements freely.

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Prominent programs' frustrations festered in the 1970s, when the NCAA was a motley collection of disparately sized athletic programs with equal voting rights and shared television revenues.

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My experience in managing corporate citizenship programs has convinced me that creating shared value is a powerful way to motivate companies into taking and sustaining action that can change the world.

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Bowling centers shared their best practices, changed their offerings and introduced new programs to broaden their appeal, including short season "fun leagues" and specialized offerings for families, teens, tweens, boomers, women and children.

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Last week, Verizon declared it would open its network to outside devices and programs and eventually adopt a new mobile technology standard likely to be shared by other carriers.

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The U.S., Australian and New Zealand research programs in the Antarctic "have existing agreements under which such assets may be shared as needed, " the statement said.

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"That suggests there was something about their shared prenatal environment that really increases the risk, " says Clara Lajonchere, vice president of clinical programs for Autism Speaks, a nonprofit science and advocacy group.

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