The experimental characterization of a sample or sub-set of cancer cells from a patient provides totally inadequate information to satisfy the condition of Comprehensiveness.
We need a higher-level theory of cancer based not on the properties of particular cancer cells, but rather based on the properties of the set of all malignant cells that could evolve.
Very little can be known about the set of all malignant cells that could evolve.
The required cell population that must be targeted (killed or controlled) to cure or control cancer, is the set of all malignant cells that could evolve.
That is only a first step, McKay emphasized, a set of directions for creating cells that could be tested as a Parkinson's treatment.
His group is especially interested in promoting the technique for treating mitochondrial diseases -- these organelles posses a different set of DNA than that contained in the nucleus of cells, and are responsible for generating the energy needed for cells to function.
The active ingredient in Rapamune, rapamycin, was discovered decades ago but scientists didn't understand how the drug worked until a graduate student named David Sabatini discovered the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a protein that acts as part of a complicated set of chemical signals that causes cells to divide.
Change the first set of numbers and you change what the cells do.
Though most cells in any individual have the same set of genes, not all of these genes are active in any given cell.
The way in which the cells are interconnected is specified by loading another set of numbers into the chip.
Gene therapy, a set of medical technologies that plant new genes in a person's cells in order to produce missing proteins, might be used both to save lives and to ramp up athletic performance.
Let's be clear: this is not about embryonic stem cell research, which, despite the hype may deliver something given time, although the alternatives of adult stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells look set to deliver results much quicker.
CNN: Human stem cell cloning: 'Holy Grail' or techno-fantasy?
The firm has set itself the target of cutting costs by the 90% needed to make fuel cells competitive in vehicles by 2003.
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