Websites install a "cookie" file on a user's computer, which includes a unique string of letters and numbers that make up the session ID.

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Of course, not all the states that passed voter-ID laws in their latest legislative session will see them take effect by November.

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"Digital certificates are required for connection to the RRP service, but user ID and passwords are required to initiate a session, " explains Rick Wesson, an IETF member and a senior software engineer at Alice's Registry Tools.

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