"Bachelor machines" include an apparatus from Franz Kafka's story "In the Penal Colony" meant to execute a condemned man by writing his sentence on his body which takes on Duchampian associations in a full-scale model realized for a 1975 show curated by Harald Szeemann.

WSJ: Ghosts in the Machine | New Museum | Beyond Human | By Kristin M. Jones

The sentence comes after his brother, a nationally known environmentalist once praised by the Chinese government as a model philanthropist, was sentenced to 15 years in prison.

BBC: Rinchen Samdrup