After controlling for self-selection bias, the impact of PBC on reliability shifted from negative to strongly positive.
The clear advantage with minorities, particularly immigrant minorities, lies in their own self-selection.
It may well be that part of their success is due to self-selection.
Whatever the explanation, this self-selection by pupils and schools is no reason to take the axe to Oxbridge's cash.
That is, in a manner even less open to political oversight than the self-selection of judges, the state prosecution selects its own leaders.
Academic estimates are that these statistical biases of self-selection (reporting is optional for the largely unregulated hedge fund industry) add 3-5 percentage points to index returns.
"This is polarization based on choice and self-selection, " Bishop said.
Astronomers are uncertain if this represents a genuine rarity of systems like our own, or a simple self-selection problem in which our current technology only has the sensitivity to pick up the weird systems.
So there may have been some self-selection.
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Their results, published in this week's Nature, suggest that the incentive for the losers to appear at leks is a form of the self-serving altruism known as kin selection.
With her curling blond hair and her slender limbs and her beautiful clothes, Inez was alluring in an obvious way, and yet it was easy enough to see that her slightly protruding blue eyes were blank screens of self-love on which a small selection of fake emotions was allowed to flicker.
As a self-declared "staunch supporter" of the teaching profession and local education authorities - but opponent of selection - Mr Willis had been moderately supportive of Labour policies.
One clear message we can draw from Mr Lew's selection is that President Obama feels more self-confident now than he did four years ago, at least when it comes to picking his top economic officials.
As is the case with so many stores populating the Bermuda Triangle of self-conscious consumption stretching from Williamsburg to TriBeCa to Park Slope, the selection at Stinky is so carefully edited and curated that you know nothing gets in there by accident.
It turned out to be partly a self-help book, partly a management manual, and partly a treatise on the principles of natural selection as they apply to business.
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