Then, in early 2003, the decision was made to wage a second war, in Iraq.
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But if a second war-enabling resolution were passed, with French (as well as British) approval, Germany, which has no veto, might well vote in favour.
It still seemed most unlikely, when the second war came to its end, that the United States would actually accept the obligations and commitments of a permanent formal alliance.
It and the film made from it (which was shortlisted for an Oscar this year) struck a deep chord with Israelis reeling from the fiasco of their second war against Lebanon's Hizbullah militia in 2006.
The other point which needs to be made is that this "war against corruption" - exaggerated by many as India's second war of independence and similar hyperbole - is being seen by many as the high noon of Indian activism and civil society movement.
When, after a period of mounting tensions, a U.S. sentry fired on Filipino soldiers outside Manila in February, 1899, the second war erupted, just days before the Senate ratified a treaty with Spain securing American sovereignty over the islands in exchange for twenty million dollars.
There are those who see the fight against al-Qaeda as a war like the second world war or the cold war.
Bond investors have lost comparable sums only as a result of big wars or big inflations or both (such as during and after the first world war, or between the second world war and 1981, when real bond returns fell by 66%).
Had the United States been committed to intervene in full strength from the first moment of a European war, the first world war would probably, and the second world war would certainly, never have happened.
Mr. Roberts, a historian, is author most recently of "The Storm of War: A New History of the Second World War" (Harper, 2011).
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By the second world war it had grown into Japan's second zaibatsu (after Mitsui) and diversified into everything from aeroplanes to beer.
Recognition that it was a full-scale war, France's worst conflict since the second world war, came only with a vote by the National Assembly in 1999, some 37 years after Algeria's independence.
Instead, Rumsfeld advocates a strategy under which the United States can win one major war decisively, while handling a series of lesser contingencies, including repelling the initial stages of a second major war.
At the end of the second world war America's dreams were collectively ambitious but individually modest.
Politically, the Great Depression made possible the rise of Nazism and the Second World War.
After the second world war, other African independence movements saw Liberia as a model.
For the French president, this crisis is the worst since the second world war.
He attributes this partly to its festival culture, which began after the second world war.
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After the Americans entered the second world war in 1941 he joined the army.
He disowned his son when he was captured by the Germans in the second world war.
The second world war stripped Germany of its cultural defences, allowing English to infiltrate unopposed.
Before the second world war, Janow also began exporting its home-bred Arabs to America.
After the second world war, it became government policy to make this dream come true.
Cities changed again after the second world war as populations grew, technology raced and prosperity spread.
They won in the end when America's sheep industry shrank dramatically after the second world war.
The controversial vote also comes only weeks before the 70th anniversary of the end of the Second World War.
It is also the first time since the second world war that Germany has fought abroad.
America and Canada have compensated ethnic Japanese citizens interned during the second world war.
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