The Rosyth yard is also currently assembling the Royal Navy's largest ever warship, HMS Queen Elizabeth.
It will take five days for it to travel round the coastline to Rosyth in early November.
More than 2, 000 people work on the carriers at Rosyth, with a further 2, 000 on the Clyde.
BBC: Aircraft carrier section begins journey from Govan to Fife
Clyde Blowers Capital has added a new business to its portfolio by buying a Rosyth-based engineering company.
Mr Hammond later visited Rosyth where he saw work being carried out on aircraft carrier HMS Queen Elizabeth.
BBC: Scottish independence: Warning over 'weakened military'
It is expected to take between seven and nine days to make it round the coast to the Rosyth dockyard.
BBC: Aircraft carrier section begins journey from Govan to Fife
Yesterday, it was a BP order for Babcock workers at Rosyth to build subsea kit bound for west of Shetland.
The forward island earlier left Portsmouth Naval Base for its sea voyage to Rosyth, where the ship's final assembly will take place.
It is being loaded onto a huge sea-going barge for a five-day, 600-mile journey to Rosyth, where the carrier sections will be assembled.
He said the workforce at Rosyth were "skilled, educated and trained people who have given their lives to the service of this country".
The vessels are currently under construction in Portsmouth, Devon, Merseyside and Tyneside, with two Clyde yards building the largest sections for assembly at Rosyth.
Work is under way to transfer an 11, 000-tonne section of aircraft carrier from its construction site on the Clyde to the Rosyth yard in Fife.
The former prime minister told MPs that Rosyth was the "only base that can assemble the aircraft carriers that have been commissioned by this country".
There are fears that any downgrading of the order, partly being constructed at Rosyth and on the Clyde, would cost up to 10, 000 local jobs.
Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg had earlier told workers at Rosyth, that by safeguarding the contract for HMS Queen Elizabeth and HMS Prince of Wales, thousands of jobs in Fife and on the Clyde had been secured.
In brief, the pro-UK side say, with apparent confidence, that it won't be built at BAE Systems' two Clyde yards, or Rosyth where the carriers are being put together, if Scotland votes to have its own navy and much else besides.
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