Now, the first study of its kind has found that most are psychologically healthy, though they're at "slightly increased risk" for behavioral problems such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or oppositional defiant disorder.
To describe the prevalence of binge drinking, the CDC analyzed data from its 2011 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, an annual telephone survey, and the national 2011 Youth Risk Behavior Survey, an anonymous questionnaire completed by high school students nationwide.
According to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey 2004, more than 70% of adult Milwaukeeans reported that they had had at least one alcoholic drink within the past 30 days--the highest percentage on our list.
Started in 1996, LiSim is a risk-analysis company based in Bogota, Colombia that uses statistics and behavioral analysis to determine the inherent risk in granting credit to a given client.
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According to the paper authors, such markers could help identify autism risk early enough for effective behavioral intervention.
For example, consider Rixtrema, a 2010 startup focused on providing early crisis warnings by using behavioral indicators of prevailing risk-taking attitudes.
"Pediatricians and other healthcare providers who work with adolescents need to be aware of, and follow through with, screening guidelines and recommendations for obesity and also other cardiovascular risk factors, and suggest appropriate behavioral interventions, " May says.
Within the four cause areas that Warner Bros. targets, Warner Bros. employees work with local nonprofit organizations such as A Place Called Home, a youth center in South Los Angeles and Volunteers of the Burbank Animal Shelter, an animal service agency devoted to providing medical, social, behavioral and financial care for animals at risk.
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That early successes might not replicate nationally is a "huge risk, " said Geoffrey A. Nagle, associate professor of psychiatry and behavioral health at Tulane University.
The behavioral scientists Elke Weber and Christopher Hsee have compared Chinese and American approaches to financial risk.
But prospect theory, a field of behavioral economics, tells us that people who have no good options tend to be risk-seeking, because the psychological cost of a bad outcome diminishes the fear of a worse outcome.
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