Verifiable returns: LPs are deepening their analysis to ensure that they can verify true PE returns.
Those higher returns might have come true had the assumptions panned out, but instead they failed in the biggest possible way.
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And over the years there were some skeptics and some warnings that Madoff's returns were too good to be true.
On the other hand, the converse is also true: low past returns (and low valuations) create an opportunity for the stout-hearted investor.
On the one hand, high past returns are an indicator of low future returns: that has certainly proved true for those who bought equity mutual funds at the turn of the decade.
He was referring specifically to whether the media would continue to pursue Mitt Romney for release of more complete tax returns, but his assessment certainly was true in the broader sense as well.
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It made perfect sense for restless and exploratory true entrepreneurs craving excitement rather than returns, and also made sense because all the education required was acquired through apprenticeship rather than codified models.
That returns did soar for the very top is obviously true, what I think is the interesting question is why?
Apparently there are quite a few evergreen funds (students participate, but returns remain in the fund for use in future investments), but there are less than a handful of true student-run investment funds participating in full-on deals that are responsible for producing returns for the limited partners.
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If Yahoo's warning of a softening online ad market holds true for everyone, Google will be chasing after diminishing returns.
The same may be true in America, where money-market funds are already offering paltry returns.
If these estimates were to prove true, then a current position in Target offers the potential to generate returns in excess of 13% per annum over the next five years.
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Refusing to pay dividends, he says, leads to cash hoarding and chronic over-capitalization, leading mangers to seek out investment choices with lower and lower net present values, which is especially true given that any return looks good relative to the effective 0% returns now available on cash.
It is true that family-controlled companies that are run by their founders usually generate higher returns than widely held ones.
And it is true at the business level, where companies with greater diversity in senior management have higher returns, lower volatility, more innovation, greater customer focus, better stockholder returns and lower gender pay disparity.
True, many continental banking sectors, like those of France and Italy, enjoy only paltry returns.
Second, private-sector decisions about saving and investment may sometimes be based on false hopes about profits and stockmarket returns hard to believe, given Wall Street's fine record these past few years, but true nonetheless.
Whilst there are many arguments that hold true - one being that businesses suffer from the increasing burden of completing government paper work and tax returns - I personally think that significantly more should be done to bring business, entrepreneurship and innovation into the educational process.
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It is true that dividends, rather than capital appreciation, have provided a big chunk of long-term equity returns.
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