His heart stopped for 78 minutes but he was resuscitated after repeated shocks from a defibrillator.

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For most people, that escalation would be a bad thing, this heightening intensity with repeated shocks to the same place.

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The repeated shocks to the world economy delivered over the past few years will bring in a culture of corporate risk aversion: the focus will be more on accountability than creativity.

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But if someone is dying of something else, or is in the terminal stages of heart disease, it can issue repeated painful shocks, to no avail.

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Worries are now growing that the pattern of previous oil price shocks may be repeated: inflation, interest rate hikes and, finally, years of painful recession.

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