Recently, he has added to those footwear flourishes by mixing cardinal red with bishop purple socks from Gammarelli in Rome, suppliers to the Vatican.

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He refused a red hat to Bishop Karl Lehmann, the head of the German Bishops Conference, who was put in charge of the German diocese of Mainz, traditionally a Cardinal's seat, as long ago as 1983.

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The hypnotherapist used an exercise and told Bishop she would stop craving cigarettes anytime she saw the color red.

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