In fact, Mr. Obama's first year in office amounts to a long parade of rebuffs.
Sergei Kuprianov, Gazprom's spokesman, rebuffs the idea that the company and the government are in cahoots.
Mrs Voynet hinted she might, if such rebuffs went on, pull her Greens out of the coalition.
Fellow reformers swept to victory in other polls, but they suffered similar rebuffs at the hands of the clerics.
Long-time Africa campaigner Sir Bob Geldof says people should not worry about Chinese investment in Africa and rebuffs the idea of economic colonialism.
He rebuffs the frequent charge that liberals are wobblers or dreamers.
It also rebuffs the critics of globalisation, who argue that trade kills jobs, suppresses American wages and is the sole or primary cause of higher wage inequality.
To general approval late last year, Mario Monti, the competition commissioner, announced important procedural reforms after a series of decisions by his department suffered embarrassing rebuffs in court.
These moves by Putin are just the latest in a long string of affronts and rebuffs mocking U.S. President Barack Obama's hope that he could "reset" U.S.-Russian relations.
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The trouble is that such rebuffs threaten the wholesale unraveling of various financial houses of cards constructed in recent months by Germany's Angela Merkel with help from her very-much-junior partner, France's Sarkozy.
American companies have been exposed to a string of official rebuffs in recent weeks, in Europe and in China, all exposing an unwillingness or inability to anticipate and preempt conflicts with official bodies.
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