"The thing about profiling is that you're not profiling an individual, you're profiling a type, " Fredericks says.

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They speak of a "re-profiling" whereby Greece's private creditors might be persuaded to agree to an extension of the period over which they get their money back.

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Knowing this may influence the decision about whether the EU and IMF should require Greek bond holders to share in the pain with some form of debt restructuring, re-profiling or default.

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He said security should focus more on profiling passengers and less on what they're carrying.

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We think we're pioneering the clinical application of this by setting up the Tumour Profiling Unit, but one would think this would be absolutely routine practice for every cancer patient - and that's what we're aiming to bring about.

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Criminologist Prof David Wilson of Birmingham City University, who once worked on the sex offender treatment programme at Grendon prison, says psychological profiling can indicate whether such a criminal is less likely to re-offend - but ultimately, the nature of the offence makes it impossible to be absolutely certain.

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