Which leads to the question: How would one resolve Hollingsworth using a rational-basis test?
Since most French smokers are rational - at least with their money - cigarette sales have plummeted across Alsace.
Mr Winsor replied that the system was coherent and rational - but government was failing to play its part.
But it seems to us that it misunderstands the nature of the rational-basis test and runs counter to the logic of Romer and Lawrence.
Believing one has the answer, whether or not such belief is justified, re-establishes a basic trust that we live in a just, rational-enough world.
The court cannot reach this outcome without branding the views of the other side as either "irrational, " if it employs the lower, rational-basis level of judicial scrutiny, or "bigoted" and hateful, which would justify heightened judicial scrutiny.
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Behaviorists reject the classic economic theory of human beings as ultra-rational self-interested actors and, drawing on psychology, examine the causes of seemingly irrational economic choices, such as not taking advantage of money offered in an employer-provided retirement plan or giving away more money to charity than can be explained by purely selfish motives.
For one of the sources of the Fascist movement is the desire to avoid a too- rational and too- comfortable world.
Our exuberance--rational or otherwise--is built on some hard and real technology.
But even the front-runners have been forced to present themselves as rational problem-solvers rather than fierce partisans.
The notion is that industrialisation turns traditional societies into secular-rational ones, while post-industrial development brings about a shift towards values of self-expression.
The variables are nearly infinite and therefore, relying on predictions is not a rational decision-making method.
The only rational long-term solution is to allow most of them to go bankrupt.
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This he believes will encourage business growth and lead to more rational long-term urban planning and infrastructure development.
What could be better for the future of American politics than rational problem-solving?
Every action that people would logically take in their rational self-interest to protect themselves from deflation would just make the deflation worse.
For the purposes of understanding how society copes with the consequences of those decisions, the assumption of rational utility-maximisation works just fine.
Economists, psychologists and historians of science all tell us (and I am inclined to believe them) that we act within our rational self-interest.
Further, individually rational momentum-trading strategies can exploit and even exacerbate this trend, potentially pushing equity prices past levels justified by the new fundamentals.
To Mr Chirac's fury, Mr Blair led the way in attacking the damage already done, saying that it made rational decision-making in the Council of Ministers impossible.
Perhaps economics graduates, as rational decision-makers, are crowding into financial journalism, where they only have to leave the bar long enough to peck out 1, 000 words a week.
They donned earplugs and acted in their own rational self-interest.
If you think all, or even most, of your actions are based on reasoned, rational decision-making, read one or two of these books to get over that inaccurate notion.
British intelligence were very measured and detached, and they didn't think the Russians, because they were rational people - Khrushchev was impulsive but he wasn't mad - would ever do it deliberately.
There is rational performance-related justification for this increase but the Court of Public Opinion may still adjudge the upward trend as a defiance of marketplace preference and ongoing scrutiny of executive pay.
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There was no rational decision-making involved.
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The reason why economists in the late 19th century and much of the 20th put the rational utility-maximising individual at the heart of their models was not that they thought that economics should avoid looking into the brain, but because they lacked the technical means to do so, says Mr Colander.
But framing the question in this way does not compel students to make rational quality-cost trade-offs because after colleges clear the minimum, it is no easier for students to get loans to colleges that offer a stellar return on investment than it is to get them for colleges that offer a poor one.
Add to this mix the change in the world of work, where, instead of a 40 hour work week in the USA and a more rational 32-35 hour work week in the much of the EU, the dot.com techies are working 60-80 hours a week, with little or no time scheduled for physical recreation or broader social, cultural, or political activities or involvement.
Neuroeconomics seeks to replace the abstract, hyper-rational creatures that populate traditional economics with real--sometimes irrational--people.
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