The campaign forced Shell to stop pumping oil out of Ogoniland but it continues to operate pipelines in the region and spills have continued.
Then, those pumping oil out of the ground saw the higher futures prices and figured, why pump it out today when it will be worth more tomorrow?
The facility is key to pumping oil out of the fields, which accounted for close to half of Sudan's entire production of about 115, 000 barrels of oil per day before wells were shut down due to the conflict.
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Their size allows them to specialise in niche activities for instance, pumping out the last drips of oil from mature fields which giant firms tend to avoid because they take up so much management time.
Hurricane Katrina roared into already tight oil markets, damaging much of America's oil-pumping and -refining capacity, and another hurricane, Rita, threatened to wreak more havoc along the Gulf coast this week.
While companies of many oil-producing nations are pumping cash into the declining oilfields of the North Sea, the Gulf of Mexico and elsewhere, those projects haven't contributed as much crude as analysts expected.
Under the process of fracking, oil or gas is extracted from shale rock by pumping a mixture of sand, water and chemicals into the rock at high pressure.
Equipped with a turntable mechanism at its bow, the floating production platform can swivel a full 360 degrees in treacherous winds while pumping more than 100, 000 barrels of oil a day.
In part, this decline has to do with senior Saudi Arabian officials noting the Kingdom is now pumping 10 million barrels per day of crude oil as it attempts to lower prices that could be harming the economic recovery.
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Before the explosion, the rig carried 2.6m litres of diesel fuel and was pumping 8, 000 barrels (1.27m litres) of crude oil a day - a volume which may still be leaking from the well into the Gulf of Mexico.
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The letter was forgotten as, on Aug. 29, 1859, Drake and Uncle Billy and his sons got feverishly busy pumping oil and filling wash tubs and whiskey barrels (why we speak of "barrels" of oil today) with the black liquid.
Last year saboteurs knocked out a Shell Oil pumping station in the south of the country that will take 18 months to repair.
Lufkin, based in Lufkin, Texas, makes pumping equipment that helps drillers extract more oil out of older fields or ones that need to be pumped because the oil and gas underground is not under enough pressure to be forced to the surface naturally.
Saudi Arabia is one of the few oil-producing countries not pumping at full volume.
Earlier, Sudan said it has restarted pumping oil from Heglig, following the recent withdrawal of Southern Sudanese troops.
Meanwhile, oil prices rose and Yukos, which was pumping 2% of global output, saw its shares rocket.
Brian Schweitzer, the blue-jeans and bolo-tie-wearing governor of Montana, gave a storming performance, pumping his fists and rousing the crowd to a frenzy of scorn for Big Oil-loving Republicans.
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Some of these beasts pay out more cash than they are earning from pumping oil and gas.
Meanwhile, the economy has shown early signs of bouncing back, as the country's plentiful oil wells begin pumping again.
It extracts oil from the ground using a method called fracking - pumping down a mixture of sand, water and chemicals at high pressure.
Either way, the CO2 must be put somewhere, for which strategies include pumping it into rocky formations (such as depleted oil and gas wells) at a pressure of 100 atmospheres, or even piping it in liquid form under pressure onto the sea-floor where it is cold enough and the pressure high enough that it is hoped the material will stay there, assisted by the formation of CO2-hydrate.
It's true that mining oil sands is terribly inefficient and wasteful of water and natural gas when compared with pumping crude from conventional reservoirs.
This has driven down demand and pricing for pressure pumping services like fracking that are used to extract gas from shale rock formations, severely impacting margins of most large oil field firms including Baker Hughes.
The process involves pumping water containing small percentages of other materials into the porous shale under pressure to hydraulically fracture it and release the trapped oil and gas.
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