In too many cases, either the failing CEO remained in place too long or the successor proved incapable over the long term.
His bold decision to separate interest-rate changes from short-term political calculations has proved an unqualified success.
Big Brussels initiatives to arrest Europe's long-term economic decline have proved ineffectual.
It is sad but true, however, that during past technological revolutions few of the companies that pioneered the change proved to be good long-term investments.
It invented a sophisticated device that emits sound waves in a lethally focused beam of energy but never proved that ultrasound provides long-term relief or is more effective than existing procedures.
While spending has leapt ahead in Labour's second term, tax receipts have proved a big disappointment for the chancellor.
Zipcar, a company that supplies cars by the hour to members, has proved there is demand for shorter-term hire.
Could those players have known the risk when the lead physician of the NFL, Dr. Elliot Pellman, was denying that multiple concussions had been proved to be damaging to long-term health?
The decision proved to be Palm's short-term salvation and long-term ruin.
For a death to be declared a "Felo de se", Latin for "felon of himself", an old legal term for suicide, it had to be proved the person was sane.
Investors had become convinced that long- and short-term rates would continue to fall, and were suddenly proved wrong.
But Mr Giuliani, the first Republican to win a second term since Fiorello La Guardia in 1937, has also proved a surprisingly subtle ethnic politician co-opting or bullying most of the pieces of New York's ethnic mosaic into a more supportive shape.
Scientific study has proved this drug generally useful for six months, but the long-term benefit is unknown.
CNN: Better understanding of dementia leading to more effective therapies
While some of the longer term developments, such as the town's proposed 'vertical pier' have proved controversial, visitors to the seafront who spoke to BBC Tees were largely supportive of the improvement works to the promenade and sea wall themselves.
BBC: Redcar seafront busy despite backfront engineering work
Many of us have been proved wrong about the timing of the increase, but everyone I know is sure that long-term rates will eventually be higher.
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It was these economic consequences, from the costs of cleaning up to longer-term damage to business, running together into tens or hundreds of billions of dollars, that proved devastating.
The term planet has been around since Ancient Greece, but coming to consensus on a precise definition today proved challenging, even for the world's top scientific minds.
You need long-term Treasurys below 5.5% and corporate earnings growing 8% per annum for me to be proved wrong.
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