The mutation freezes a crucial protein called epidermal growth factor receptor in the "on" position.
The protein is a growth factor that leads to the production of certain immune cells, called B-cells.
The antiviral gene comes from a rhesus macaque, and produces a protein called a restriction factor that can resist Aids-causing viruses affecting other animals.
Hunting for other targets in the early 1980s, he focused on a protein called epidermal growth factor, or EGF, then a hot area of research.
The vitamin also appears to trigger the production of a protein called nerve growth factor, which directs the development of nerve cells and promotes their long-term survival.
One reason could be that epidermal growth factor, the protein Iressa blocks, wasn't the right one to begin with.
Both pills inhibit a receptor for a protein called the epidermal growth factor (EGF) that many tumors seem to depend upon to grow.
Lapatinib, it turns out, also inhibits the activity of a protein called the epidermal growth factor receptor, which has been found to be important for stem-cell proliferation.
Avastin does this by inhibiting a protein called the vascular endothelial growth factor.
Avastin works by inhibiting a protein called the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).
By blocking a protein called the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), it prevents arteries from growing around tumors, literally starving them.
These messenger molecules go on to act as the blueprints for protein production, so preventing a transcription factor from working can cause all sorts of problems.
The flavonoids inhibited the secretion of various inflammatory cells called cytokines in H5N1-infected cells, but had no effect on noninfected cells or tumor necrosis factor, a key inflammatory protein.
The second thing the team did was to introduce a genetic mutation into the genome of the young egg that allowed for the production of a growth factor, a kind of protein, that can only come from the paternal genome but is vital for normal embryonic development.
Enbrel works by blocking a long-mysterious protein in the immune system known as tumor necrosis factor, or TNF.
All three drugs target the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a protein that is over-expressed in cancer cells.
It works by neutralizing a protein produced by your immune system known as tumor necrosis factor (TNF).
The public has mostly focused on Erbitux's ability to slow tumor growth by blocking epidermal growth factor receptor, a key growth-promoting protein that is overabundant in many cancer cells.
Diadexus drew headlines last month when it helped identify what may be a new risk factor in heart disease: a little-known protein produced by the body that can double the risk of heart attacks.
The scientists found that a cell-signaling protein, or cytokine, known as a hippocampal TNF (tumor necrosis factor) played a limited role.
The drugs work by blocking an enzyme called factor 10a that helps spur the production of a crucial clot-promoting protein called thrombin.
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