Established in 1929 by President Hoover to protect a breeding ground for migratory birds, the sanctuary still ranks as one of the largest nesting areas in north Florida, for birds such as ibises, pelicans, egrets and double-crested cormorants.

BBC: Mini guide to natural Florida

"Sanctuary from whaling is the best way to protect the great whales, " Gladman said in a statement.

CNN: Japan attempts to abolish whale sanctuary

Afghanistan is also thought to be seeking security guarantees to protect its porous borders, including the frontier with Pakistan that is the main infiltration route for insurgents who retain sanctuary in Pakistan's lawless tribal areas.

NPR: 7 American Service Members Killed In Afghanistan