One of their programs displays stretches of DNA in a three-dimensional color format that a customer can use, for example, to pinpoint the genetic differences between healthy and cancerous prostate tissue.

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Texas pathology group ProPath stopped getting prostate tissue from large urology groups more than four years ago, said executive director Krista Crews, when these clients began doing lab work in-house.

WSJ: Prostate-Test Fees Challenged

The study found that doctors' practices that do their own lab work bill the federal Medicare program for analyzing 72% more prostate tissue samples per biopsy while detecting fewer cases of cancer than counterparts who send specimens to outside labs.

WSJ: Prostate-Test Fees Challenged

Moreover while the authors demonstrated that their IAP assay could not amplify human DNA they did not demonstrate that it could not amplify IAP sequences in prostate tumour tissue.

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Based at Addenbrooke's Hospital on the outskirts of Cambridge, Prof Burnet is trying to improve the targeting and efficiency of radiotherapy treatments, and to reduce toxicity in the healthy tissue surrounding the prostate.

BBC: 'Cinderella cancer' comes in from the cold

Delivering acoustic energy through the urethra cut tissue, relieving the prostate.

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In a 20-minute procedure, the operation involves pinning open the prostate with four clips to move obstructive tissue out of the way.

BBC: Enlarged prostate device trialled by NHS

Mr Norburn was successfully treated for prostate cancer through cryo-therapy, a method of treatment that involves destroying abnormal tissue by freezing it.

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Millennium's drug, now in early human trials, homes in on prostate cancer cells and aims to obliterate them with a precise dose of toxic chemotherapy while leaving surrounding tissue untouched.

FORBES: Men, Cancer & Hope