The new 32GB memory card incorporates 32Gb 3-bit NAND flash memory chips and a proprietary 3-bit NAND controller to deliver the high performance.

ENGADGET: Samsung announces 32GB microSD card capable of 12MBps write speeds

In the past, Sun sold only proprietary boxes that included its own chips and Solaris, its own operating-system software.

ECONOMIST: Sun Microsystems

They developed proprietary software systems, designed and manufactured chips, built computers and created the infrastructure that made the Internet possible.

WSJ: Why High-Tech Companies Are Moving to the City

Thanks to rapid advancements in microprocessors, software, screens, memory chips and storage disks, Dell has commoditized low-end computers and had them supplant high-end proprietary technology.

FORBES: Pulled in a New Direction