This includes a messenger protein called NF-Kappa B, which appears to be blocked by the hormone progesterone.
Premarin differs from Prempro and Premphase in that it contains only estrogen, rather than a combination of estrogens and progesterone.
It is a combined treatment - the woman takes two pills straight away and a further two pills 12 hours later - of oestrogen and progesterone.
During menopause a woman's body produces less estrogen and progesterone.
Typical hormone supplements contain estrogen and progesterone.
In the human female, elevated prolactin levels lead to lower estrogen and progesterone levels.
The women in the study were not taking progesterone along with the oestrogen.
Researchers also are continuing to study newer treatments, including other antidepressants and a progesterone-based medication, he said.
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Another candidate is progesterone, which is already being tested in clinical trials.
This hormone is produced by the embryo to tell the mother she is pregnant and that she should continue producing progesterone, a second hormone responsible for maintaining the pregnancy.
Progesterone helps "dampen the effect" of a lack of oestrogen.
Fiona Kirkwood, cardiac nurse for the British Heart Foundation, said recent randomised studies had shown that combined hormone replacement therapy (oestrogen and progesterone) did not provide any protective benefit to women for coronary heart disease.
Let's look at one of the biggest changes in medical practice of the past decade: the decision to stop putting millions of postmenopausal women on hormone replacement therapy, which postulated that replacing the estrogen and progesterone their bodies were no longer making would do them long-term good.
The current combined pill, which contains progesterone and another female sex hormone oestrogen, has been linked to an increased risk of breast cancer.
The regime the team has devised is a combination of a daily pill made of desogestrel (an artificial form of progesterone) and a slow-release testosterone pellet that is placed under the user's skin.
During pregnancy oestrogen and progesterone levels rise to support the growing baby and to prevent a women's body from rejecting it.
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