Cheney's doctors said the procedure began with an electrophysiology study (EPS) to determine the vice president's risk of developing arrhythmia, or irregular heartbeat.

CNN: Cheney goes home after heart device implant

To determine whether your melanoma has spread to nearby lymph nodes, your surgeon may use a procedure known as a sentinel node biopsy.

CNN: Melanoma

For now the evidence is anecdotal, but Levine and nine other surgeons are conducting a trial with 115 patients to determine such things as which patients benefit most from the procedure and what, if any, claims can be made about recovery and healing times.

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