Strategies like transforming schools from top to bottom by bringing in a new principal, and training teachers to use more effective techniques in the classroom.
Scott Upton, vice principal of Sandwell College in Birmingham, said a formal apprenticeship is the "gold standard of vocational training" and rushing candidates through an apprenticeship programme will devalue the entire system.
Robbie Robbins, an Army reservist and assistant school principal in North Carolina, recently returned to the United States from Iraq after spending a year assisting in the training of the Iraqi national police.